Luigi Einaudi (1874 - 1961) was one of the few great Italian liberals. Lawyer and economist, was governor of the Bank of Italy ', owner of economic ministries in government and De Gasperi second president of the Italian Republic.
In the following article he wrote in 1944:
" Parliaments are not societies or academies of culture science. The bodies, whose sole purpose is to form stable governments and to control the action. In the words of Prime Minister del primo governo laburista, Ramsay Mac Donald, le elezioni non si fanno per contare le opinioni, per fare il censimento (census, in inglese) delle sette, dei ceti, dei partiti, dei movimenti, dei gruppi sociali, religiosi, politici, ideologici in cui si fraziona una società, la quale sia composta di uomini vivi e pensanti; ma si fanno per mettersi d'accordo in primissimo luogo sul nome della persona che in qualità di primo ministro sarà chiamato a governare il paese, e in secondo luogo sul nome di coloro che collaboreranno con lui o che ne criticheranno l'operato. Le elezioni hanno cioè per scopo di creare il consenso (consensus e non census) intorno ad un uomo ed al suo gruppo di governo ed intorno a chi oggi sarà il suo critico and tomorrow will take over if the voters will give him reason. If you do not want anarchy, this is not a sterile academic review of opinions is the only specific purpose of a good electoral system .
Einaudi knew the 'evolution of parliamentary democracies in the first half of the twentieth century. In particular, it is here a clear reference to the English form of government, characterized by the rule of Prime Minister than the rest of the government and the parliamentary majority.
The future president of the republic shows that he is well aware of the needs of societies and economies West. The decision-making processes must comply to high standards of efficiency.
He cites the fundamental tasks of monitoring and inspection of the parliament, called to examine the 'business of government.
A lesson fully present, which brings us back to reality.
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